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Colonel Michael Moriarty, known to most people as Mick, passed away on Thursday, November 3rd, aged ninety. He was a very affable, kind, and generous-hearted man, and all who knew him would agree that he was a fine gentleman who was very popular and well-liked. He will be sadly missed by a great many people in so many walks of life, particularly by his loving family, including his sons Darragh and John, daughter Niamh, his grandchildren who adored him, and his extended family members. Mick was predeceased by his wife Anne.

He will also be missed by his former comrades in arms in the Irish Army, by the United Nations personnel with whom he served in many parts of the globe, and by the scuba diving population of Ireland, for it is to Mick and a small group of his friends that we owe the growth of the wonderful sport of scuba diving in Ireland. Mick was one of the very first people in Ireland to embrace the sport, and he worked tirelessly in different organisations to help it to expand into a nationwide sport which is enjoyed by many thousands of members today.

Mick was born in Bandon in County Cork on December 21st, 1931, but he grew up in Listowel in Kerry and Ennis in County Clare. From an early age, he was attracted to the water and became a powerful swimmer. But it seemed to be always on the cards that he would be attracted to military life, for as soon as he was old enough in 1949, he enrolled in A. company of the Ennis Battalion of the F.C.A (An Forsa Cosanta Aitiul) the part-time defence force.

After a year in the FCA Mick enlisted in the regular army as a member of the 25th Cadet Officer Training Class in November 1950 and after two years, he was posted to an artillery regiment, a Corp in which he would remain for the rest of his military career. Mick rose steadily through the ranks and he served in a variety of artillery units, becoming Director of Artillery in 1989. When Mick retired in January 1992 he held the rank of Colonel and he was serving as Second in Command of the Eastern Brigade.

Mick had a long and distinguished history of service abroad with the United Nations, on peacekeeping missions in several countries, beginning as a platoon commander in the Congo in 1961. He served in Cyprus in the mid-sixties and he was an observer from 1974 with the UN Truce Supervision Organisation, serving initially on the Golan Heights. He was a Company Commander with the 46th Infantry Battalion in Lebanon from 1979, and he was later Senior Operations officer in Lebanon for two years. He was the Senior Officer in the United Nations Transition Assistance group in Namibia in 1989 and he became the Chief Liaison Officer to the United Nations Verification Mission in Angola, and it was here that he became interested in Portuguese, in which he became proficient. Mick’s wife Anne and their three children accompanied him on several of these postings.

Mick had an intense attraction to the sea and in his early days as a young officer, he swam in the sea whenever he got the opportunity When Mick first got the chance of going on a dive with a borrowed Aqua Lung in Galway, he was already an experienced fin swimmer and snorkeller. Spearfishing is today regarded by many as being a bit un-PC, but back in the day it was a very popular pursuit which demanded a high level of water fitness, and an ability to hold ones breath underwater for extremely long periods. Mick and his colleagues were ultra-proficient at this sport. Mick and some of his spear-fishing colleagues represented Ireland in several international competitions in places as far away as Cuba. He remarked that his first dive was everything he expected it to be and he was hooked for life. Most of the diving cylinders that were available in the 1950s were surplus compressed oxygen bottles from aircraft and were known as Tadpoles on account of their small size. Money was scarce in the 1950s and diving gear was expensive, and over the years Mick has written several humorous accounts of the improvisations indulged in by himself and his early diving colleagues. Wetsuits were virtually unheard of at the time and the standard underwater dress to try to allay the cold was several woollen jerseys and woollen long johns. It was not uncommon for divers to be on the verge of hypothermia after a dive in this gear. Later improvements consisted of coating the woollen long johns and vests with liquid rubber in situ on the diver and allowing it to dry, with sometimes painfully disastrous results as the rubber adhered to flesh and hair as well as the wool.

Scuba superstar – Mick Moriarty with the Glaucus TrophyScuba superstar – Mick Moriarty with the Glaucus Trophy

During a posting to the Curragh Camp in County Kildare in 1958, Mick and three of his colleagues decided to form a diving group which became known as the Curragh Sub-Aqua Club, which sixty four years later has grown to become one of the premier diving clubs in Ireland, with a large membership, and a fine clubhouse in Sandycove in Dublin.

The 1960s period brought with it a slightly higher degree of affluence and scuba diving was spreading out to become a popular sport with clubs springing up in several parts of the country. By 1962 there were six clubs in Ireland and a need was felt to have some overall organisation that would establish rigorous rules and standards to ensure safety. A number of meetings of the clubs took place in 1962 and 1963 and in that year, Comhairle Fó Thuinn (CFT) the Irish Underwater Council, was formally launched at the Curragh Camp.
Shortly after, CFT applied for membership of CMAS, Confederation Mondial des Activities Subaquatiques, the international Governing body of the sport, based in Paris. CMAS standards are still the qualifications that are embraced by CFT. Mick Moriarty was at the heart of the organisation and negotiations during much of this period, whenever duty allowed.
CFT has gone from strength to strength over the years, with a host of clubs and thousands of divers who are qualified to the highest international standards.

Mick Moriarty has served in several capacities on committees at national and at club level. He was secretary of CFT from 1964 to 1972 and he became President in 1973. He also served as Treasurer.

Throughout his many decades of involvement with diving he has worked tirelessly to propagate the sport at all levels and to give encouragement to others who were involved with training divers. Mick was involved with the Army Subaqua Club, a diving club within the army sporting groups and he went on several diving expeditions with them, notably to dive the wrecks in Scapa Flow in the Orkneys.

When CFT moved to new headquarters in Dun Laoghaire, Mick took on the onerous task of establishing the CFT archive to properly sort out and house the records of the organisation, which up to then were in a relative shambles. He did a great job of that and today it is known as the ‘Moriarty Archives. Mick also found time, as a member of the Maritime Institute of Ireland to chair a committee which was tasked with looking at the constitution of the Institute and to make recommendations as to how it could be improved. Mick continued diving into his 70s and I had the pleasure of snorkelling with him in Sandycove when he was almost 80. He spent many of his latter years caring for his dear wife Anne. In 2010 Mick published a book entitled ‘An Irish Soldier’s Diaries’ which gives an interesting Account of his military life. He also published a book entitled ‘Submerged’ which tells the story of the early days of Irish diving and his involvement with it, leading to the development of CFT.

Mick was a most, genial, erudite, humorous and intelligent man who had a wealth of interests, in whose company it was always a pleasure to be. He could converse on a great many levels. He may be gone from us, but he will not be forgotten by anyone who knew him.

Ní fheicimís a leithead arís.

CFL

Published in Diving

#MARINE WILDLIFE - Sailors, fishermen and SCUBA divers in England's West Country could face "tough new restrictions" if plans for conservation zones in the Irish Sea and around the UK coast go ahead.

According to This Is Cornwall, groups representing water users argue that marine protection plans "would have severe knock-on effects on those who rely on the south west's coastline for employment and leisure".

Alana Murphy of the Royal Yachting Association said: "A lot of the small inshore areas proposed as conservation zones coincide with estuaries and bays that are used by sailors for mooring, or for laying buoys for racing. We are concerned we could lose important sailing areas."

Companies involved in offshore renewable energy have voiced their concerns on the impact of marine reserved on their development, while the National Federation of Fishermen's Organisations added that the scale of proposed fishing reserves was too great, and could potentially push commercial fishermen "to other areas which will then get overfished".

As previously reported on Afloat.ie, the UK's Wildlife Trusts have expressed dismay that plans to establish Marine Conservation Zones in the Irish Sea and elsewhere have been shelved till at least next year after pressure from fishermen, boaters and other groups.

Published in Marine Wildlife
This week The Irish Times highlights a host of water-based activities that you may not have tried.
From kitesurfing to paddle boarding, urban fishing to SCUBA diving and even moonlight kayaking, there's surely a new experience for everyone from the most veteran sea dog to the driest landlubber.
The Irish Times has more on the story HERE.

This week The Irish Times highlights a host of water-based activities that you may not have tried.

From kitesurfing to paddle boarding, urban fishing to SCUBA diving and even moonlight kayaking, there's surely a new experience for everyone from the most veteran sea dog to the driest landlubber.

The Irish Times has more on the story HERE.

Published in Aquatic Tourism
The body of the Irish student backpacker who drowned while scuba diving in Australia recently was returned to her family yesterday.
As previously reported on Afloat.ie 23-year-old Elaine Morrow from Ballintra, Co Donegal, had been on a beginner's diving course off the coast of Queensland on 18 April when she became separated from her group and failed to surface.
The Irish Independent reports that her funeral will take place tomorrow afternoon, after a service at Drumholm Parish Church of Ireland in Ballintra.

The body of the Irish student backpacker who drowned while scuba diving in Australia recently was returned to her family yesterday.

As previously reported on Afloat.ie, 23-year-old Elaine Morrow from Ballintra, Co Donegal, had been on a beginner's diving course off the coast of Queensland on 18 April when she became separated from her group and failed to surface.

The Irish Independent reports that her funeral will take place tomorrow afternoon, after a service at Drumholm Parish Church of Ireland in Ballintra.

Published in Diving
An Irishwoman who drowned while scuba diving in the Whitsunday Islands in Australia has been named, the Irish Examiner reports.
Elaine Morrow, 23, from Ballintra in Co Donegal, had been on a three-day beginners diving course in the island chain, off the coast of Queensland, when she was separated from her group on Monday.
It is believed the woman had been in Australia for almost a year on a working holiday visa.
The Department of Foreign Affairs has contacted the family and offered consular assistance.

An Irishwoman who drowned while scuba diving in the Whitsunday Islands in Australia has been named, the Irish Examiner reports.

Elaine Morrow, 23, from Ballintra in Co Donegal, had been on a three-day beginners diving course in the island chain, off the coast of Queensland, when she was separated from her group on Monday.

It is believed the woman had been in Australia for almost a year on a working holiday visa.

The Department of Foreign Affairs has contacted the family and offered consular assistance.

Published in Diving
Irish musician Paul Brady has confessed to a second love - scuba diving.
The 'Nobody Knows' hitmaker explained to The Irish Times how he had "always felt at home in the water" since a young age, and did his first diving course in 1988.
But frustrated by diving's weather dependancy here, he started going abroad - beginning in the Red Sea in the late 1980s before taking in the world's top diving spots, from Hawaii to the Cayman Islands and Australia.
Brady says he prefers to dive in private groups "off the beaten track" as commercial operators don't often visit the best sites - citing the Great Barrier Reef as an example.
As an experienced diver, he's has his fair share of bumpy moments down below, such as getting caught in a down draght in the Red Sea near Ras Mohammad - but says his training made all the difference.
As for why he loves diving? "It's a bit like floating in air," he says.
Read more of the Irish Times' interview with Paul Brady HERE.

Irish musician Paul Brady has confessed to a second love - scuba diving.

The 'Nobody Knows' hitmaker explained to The Irish Times how he had "always felt at home in the water" since a young age, and did his first diving course in 1988. 

But frustrated by diving's weather dependancy here, he started going abroad - beginning in the Red Sea in the late 1980s before taking in the world's top diving spots, from Hawaii to the Cayman Islands and Australia.

Brady says he prefers to dive in private groups "off the beaten track" as commercial operators don't often visit the best sites - citing the Great Barrier Reef as an example.

As an experienced diver, he's has his fair share of bumpy moments down below, such as getting caught in a down draght in the Red Sea near Ras Mohammad - but says his training made all the difference.

As for why he loves diving? "It's a bit like floating in air," he says.

Read more of the Irish Times' interview with Paul Brady HERE.

Published in Diving
It's that time of year again, dark evenings and looking for a new challenge writes Timmy Carey. Time to find a new sport to take away the winter blues, why not try SCUBA Diving or Snorkelling. Most clubs begin training either in October or February so now is the best time to enquire and give it a try. The shores of Ireland are blessed with a rich variety of marine life and with almost 12,000 shipwrecks around our coast, there is an never ending challenge awaiting. The Irish Underwater Council has almost 100 diving clubs clubs across Ireland affiliated to it and most will be running beginners scuba courses shortly. For further details log in HERE or alternatively ring the Irish Underwater Council head office at 01-2844601

 diveMG_0558

Divers completing a decompression stop after a 40 meter dive to the wreck of the ssFoilia off the Waterford Coast

Published in Diving

Aquaculture Information

Aquaculture is the farming of animals in the water and has been practised for centuries, with the monks farming fish in the middle ages. More recently the technology has progressed and the aquaculture sector is now producing in the region of 50 thousand tonnes annually and provides a valuable food product as well as much needed employment in many rural areas of Ireland.

A typical fish farm involves keeping fish in pens in the water column, caring for them and supplying them with food so they grow to market size. Or for shellfish, containing them in a specialised unit and allowing them to feed on natural plants and materials in the water column until they reach harvestable size. While farming fish has a lower carbon and water footprint to those of land animals, and a very efficient food fed to weight gain ratio compared to beef, pork or chicken, farming does require protein food sources and produces organic waste which is released into the surrounding waters. Finding sustainable food sources, and reducing the environmental impacts are key challenges facing the sector as it continues to grow.

Salmon is the most popular fish bought by Irish families. In Ireland, most of our salmon is farmed, and along with mussels and oysters, are the main farmed species in the country.

Aquaculture in Ireland

  • Fish and shellfish are farmed in 14 Irish coastal counties.
  • Irish SMEs and families grow salmon, oysters, mussels and other seafood
  • The sector is worth €150m at the farm gate – 80% in export earnings.
  • The industry sustains 1,833 direct jobs in remote rural areas – 80% in the west of Ireland
  • Every full-time job in aquaculture creates 2.27 other jobs locally (Teagasc 2015)
  • Ireland’s marine farms occupy 0.0004% of Ireland’s 17,500Km2 inshore area.
  • 83% of people in coastal areas support the development of fish farming
  • Aquaculture is a strong, sustainable and popular strategic asset for development and job creation (Foodwise 2025, National Strategic Plan, Seafood
  • Operational Programme 2020, FAO, European Commission, European Investment Bank, Harvesting Our Ocean Wealth, Silicon Republic, CEDRA)
    Ireland has led the world in organically certified farmed fish for over 30 years
  • Fish farm workers include people who have spent over two decades in the business to school-leavers intent on becoming third-generation farmers on their family sites.

Irish Aquaculture FAQs

Aquaculture, also known as aquafarming, is the farming of aquatic organisms such as fish, crustaceans, molluscs and aquatic plants, and involves cultivating freshwater and saltwater populations under controlled conditions- in contrast to commercial fishing, which is the harvesting of wild fish. Mariculture refers to aquaculture practiced in marine environments and in underwater habitats. Particular kinds of aquaculture include fish farming, shrimp farming, oyster farming, mariculture, algaculture (such as seaweed farming), and the cultivation of ornamental fish. Particular methods include aquaponics and integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, both of which integrate fish farming and plant farming.

About 580 aquatic species are currently farmed all over the world, according to the UN Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), which says it is "practised by both some of the poorest farmers in developing countries and by multinational companies".

Increasing global demand for protein through seafood is driving increasing demand for aquaculture, particularly given the pressures on certain commercially caught wild stocks of fish. The FAO says that "eating fish is part of the cultural tradition of many people and in terms of health benefits, it has an excellent nutritional profile, and "is a good source of protein, fatty acids, vitamins, minerals and essential micronutrients".

Aquaculture now accounts for 50 per cent of the world's fish consumed for food, and is the fastest-growing good sector.

China provides over 60 per cent of the world's farmed fish. In Europe, Norway and Scotland are leading producers of finfish, principally farmed salmon.

For farmed salmon, the feed conversion ratio, which is the measurement of how much feed it takes to produce the protein, is 1.1, as in one pound of feed producing one pound of protein, compared to rates of between 2.2 and 10 for beef, pork and chicken. However, scientists have also pointed out that certain farmed fish and shrimp requiring higher levels of protein and calories in feed compared to chickens, pigs, and cattle.

Tilapia farming which originated in the Middle East and Africa has now become the most profitable business in most countries. Tilapia has become the second most popular seafood after crab, due to which its farming is flourishing. It has entered the list of best selling species like shrimp and salmon.

There are 278 aquaculture production units in Ireland, according to Bord Iascaigh Mhara (BIM) *, producing 38,000 tonnes of finfish and shellfish in 2019 and with a total value of €172 million

There are currently almost 2,000 people directly employed in Irish aquaculture in the Republic, according to BIM.

BIM figures for 2019 recorded farmed salmon at almost 12,000 tonnes, valued at €110 million; rock oysters reached 10,300 tonnes at a value of €44 million; rope mussels at 10,600 tonnes were valued at €7 million; seabed cultured mussels at 4,600 tonnes were valued at €7 million; "other" finfish reached 600 tonnes, valued at €2 million and "other" shellfish reached 300 tonnes, valued at €2 million

Irish aquaculture products are exported to Europe, US and Asia, with salmon exported to France, Germany, Belgium and the US. Oysters are exported to France, with developing sales to markets in Hong Kong and China. France is Ireland's largest export for mussels, while there have been increased sales in the domestic and British markets.

The value of the Irish farmed finfish sector fell by five per cent in volume and seven per cent in value in 2019, mainly due to a fall on salmon production, but this was partially offset by a seven per cent increased in farmed shellfish to a value of 60 million euro. Delays in issuing State licenses have hampered further growth of the sector, according to industry representatives.

Fish and shellfish farmers must be licensed, and must comply with regulations and inspections conducted by the Sea Fisheries Protection Authority and the Marine Institute. Food labelling is a function of the Food Safety Authority of Ireland. There is a long backlog of license approvals in the finfish sector, while the Department of Agriculture, Food and Marine says it is working to reduce the backlog in the shellfish sector.

The department says it is working through the backlog, but notes that an application for a marine finfish aquaculture licence must be accompanied by either an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) or an Environmental Impact Assessment Report (EIAR). As of October 2020, over two-thirds of applications on hand had an EIS outstanding, it said.

The EU requires member states to have marine spatial plans by 2021, and Ireland has assigned responsibility to the Department of Housing, Planning and Local Government for the National Marine Planning Framework (NMPF). Legislation has been drawn up to underpin this, and to provide a "one stop shop" for marine planning, ranging from fish farms to offshore energy – as in Marine Planning and Development Management Bill. However, the Department of Agriculture, Food and Marine confirmed last year that it intends to retain responsibility for aquaculture and sea-fisheries related development – meaning fish and shellfish farmers won't be able to avail of the "one stop shop" for marine planning.

Fish and shellfish health is a challenge, with naturally occurring blooms, jellyfish and the risk of disease. There are also issues with a perception that the sector causes environmental problems.

The industry has been on a steep learning curve, particularly in finfish farming, since it was hailed as a new future for Irish coastal communities from the 1970s – with the State's Electricity Supply Board being an early pioneer, and tobacco company Carrolls also becoming involved for a time. Nutrient build up, which occurs when there is a high density of fish in one area, waste production and its impact on depleting oxygen in water, creating algal blooms and "dead zones", and farmers' use of antibiotics to prevent disease have all been concerns, and anglers have also been worried about the impact of escaped farmed salmon on wild fish populations. Sea lice from salmon farmers were also blamed for declines in sea trout and wild salmon in Irish estuaries and rivers.

BIM says over 95% of all salmon farmed in Ireland are certified organic. Organically grown salmon are only fed a diet of sustainable organic feed. They are also raised in more spacious pens than traditional farmed salmon. The need to site locations for fish farms further out to sea, using more robust cages for weather, has been recognised by regulatory agencies. There is a move towards land-based aquaculture in Norway to reduce impact on local ecosystems. The industry says that antibiotic use is declining, and it says that "safe and effective vaccinations have since been developed for farmed fish and are now widely used". Many countries are now adopting a more sustainable approach to removing sea lice from salmon, using feeder fish such as wrasse and lumpsucker fish. Ireland's first lumpsucker hatchery was opened in 2015.

BIM says over 95% of all salmon farmed in Ireland are certified organic. Organically grown salmon are only fed a diet of sustainable organic feed. They are also raised in more spacious pens than traditional farmed salmon. The need to site locations for fish farms further out to sea, using more robust cages for weather, has been recognised by regulatory agencies. There is a move towards land-based aquaculture in Norway to reduce impact on local ecosystems. The industry says that antibiotic use is declining, and it says that "safe and effective vaccinations have since been developed for farmed fish and are now widely used". Many countries are now adopting a more sustainable approach to removing sea lice from salmon, using feeder fish such as wrasse and lumpsucker fish. Ireland's first lumpsucker hatchery was opened in 2015.

Yes, as it is considered to have better potential for controlling environmental impacts, but it is expensive. As of October 2020, the department was handling over 20 land-based aquaculture applications.

The Irish Farmers' Association has represented fish and shellfish farmers for many years, with its chief executive Richie Flynn, who died in 2018, tirelessly championing the sector. His successor, Teresa Morrissey, is an equally forceful advocate, having worked previously in the Marine Institute in providing regulatory advice on fish health matters, scientific research on emerging aquatic diseases and management of the National Reference Laboratory for crustacean diseases.

BIM provides training in the national vocational certificate in aquaculture at its National Fisheries College, Castletownbere, Co Cork. It also trains divers to work in the industry. The Institute of Technology Carlow has also developed a higher diploma in aqua business at its campus in Wexford, in collaboration with BIM and IFA Aquaculture, the representative association for fish and shellfish farming.

© Afloat 2020

At A Glance - Irish Aquaculture

  • Fish and shellfish are farmed in 14 Irish coastal counties
  • Salmon is the most popular fish bought by Irish families. 
  • In Ireland, most of our salmon is farmed, and along with mussels and oysters, are the main farmed species in the country.
  • The industry sustains 1,833 direct jobs in remote rural areas – 80% in the west of Ireland
  • Every full-time job in aquaculture creates 2.27 other jobs locally (Teagasc 2015)
  • Ireland’s marine farms occupy 0.0004% of Ireland’s 17,500Km2 inshore area.
  • 83% of people in coastal areas support the development of fish farming

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